什么是查尔斯·P·金德尔伯格

查尔斯·P·金德尔伯格，又称金德尔伯格，美国纽约人。曾获哥伦比亚大学博士学位，麻省理工大学经济系资深教授，国际货币问题专家，擅长从历史角度研究经济问题，第二次世办大战后马歇计划的主要构建者之一。

1966年，当选美国经济学会副会长，1980年当选该协会杰出会员，1984年当选该学会会长。1978年获德国基尔世界经济研究院的哈尔姆斯奖，1983年获得亚当·斯密奖 (NABE)。

Charles Poor "Charlie" Kindleberger (October 12, 1910 – July 7, 2003) was a historical economist and author of over 30 books. His 1978 book Manias, Panics, and Crashes, about speculative stock market bubbles, was reprinted in 2000 after the dot-com bubble. He is well known for hegemonic stability theory.

Life

His earliest book was International Short-Term Capital Movements (1937).

Kindleberger during the course of his life worked for several American institutions, such as the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (1936-1939), the Bank of International Settlements in Switzerland (1939-1940), and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (1940-1942).

In 1945-1947 he served at the Department of State (Acting Director, Office of Economic Security Policy), and shortly (1947-1948) as counselor for the European Recovery Program.

As a 'historical' economist (or economic historian), Kindleberger relied on narrative exposition and knowledge of history rather than mathematical models to prove his point.

Kindleberger described his around-the-clock work to develop and launch the Marshall Plan with singular passion in a 1973 interview.

'We were conscious of a great sense of excitement about the plan. Marshall himself was a great, great man -- funny, odd but great -- Olympian in his moral quality. We'd stay up all night, night after night. The first work ever done that I know about in economics on computers used the Pentagon's computers at night for the Marshall Plan. I had a tremendous sense of gratification from working so hard on it,' Kindleberger said.

Kindleberger was on familiar terms with noted economists and was a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University (A.M., Ph. D.), later rising to the eminent position of Ford International Professor of Economics at MIT.

He attended Kent School in Kent, Connecticut.

Born in New York City, New York Kindleberger was married to the late Sarah Kindleberger, and had four children: Charles P. Kindleberger III of St. Louis, MO; Richard S. Kindleberger of Cambridge, MA; Sarah Kindleberger of Lincoln, MA; and E. Randall Kindleberger of Machias, ME.

The World in Depression

His 1973 and 1986 book The World in Depression 1929-1939 (University of California Press, 1986 ) advances an idiosyncratic, internationalist view of the causes and nature of the Great Depression. Blaming the peculiar length and depth of the Depression on the hesitancy of the US in taking over leadership of the world economy when Britain was no longer up to the role after WWI, he concludes that 'for the world economy to be stabilized, there has to be a stabilizer--one stabilizer', by which, in the context of the interwar years at least, he means the United States. In the last chapter 'An Explanation of the 1929 Depression' Kindleberger lists the five responsibilities the US would have had to assume in order to stabilize the world economy:

1. maintaining a relatively open market for distress goods;

2. providing countercyclical, or at least stable, long-term lending;

3. policing a relatively stable system of exchange rates;

4. ensuring the coordination of macroeconomic policies;

5. acting as a lender of last resort by discounting or otherwise providing liquidity in a financial crisis.

Kindleberger is highly sceptical of Friedman and Schwartz's monetarist view of the causes of the Depression, seeing it as too narrow and perhaps dogmatic, and dismisses what he characterises as Samuelson's 'accidental' or 'fortuitous' interpretation out of hand. The World in Depression was praised by John Kenneth Galbraith as 'the best book on the subject'.

Works

Manias, Panics, and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises (Wiley, 2005, 5th edition)

World Economic Primacy: 1500 - 1990 (Oxford University Press, 1996)

"The Benefits of International Money." Journal of International Economics 2 (Nov. 1972): 425-442.

American Business Abroad (New Haven, London, 1969)

Europe's Postwar Growth. The Role of Labor Supply (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1967)

Europa and the Dollar (Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, 1966)

Foreign Trade and the National Economy (Yale, 1962)

International Economics (Irwin, 1958)

Economic Development (New York, 1958)

金德尔伯格的主要著作

主要著作有：

《西欧金融史》

《疯狂、惊恐和崩溃：金融危机史》

《国际短期资本移动》

《国际经济学》

《1851一1950年法国和英国的经济增长》

《经济反响：贸易、金融及增长的比较研究》等。